Saturday, September 27, 2014

Information From MWD Drilling Software

By Karina Frost


Measurement While Drilling is abbreviated as MWD. It is used to take the measurement of the inclination angle against the vertical line through the process. MWD drilling software then takes up all these values.The oil well paths are plotted in 3-D using this information. Communication between the operator and the floor is crucial and is provided by this software.

There are different types of information transmitted by the software one being the direction of the well. Real time directional surveys and its transmission are very possible. Measurement of the azimuth and the inclination of the hole at that location are done by the magnetometers and accelerometers. There is therefore real time transmission from the site to the surface.

The data transmitted at intervals of 10m to 500m is then analyzed on the surface to calculate the location of the wellbore. It is necessary information for the company since it acts as a proof that it is not operating outside the block it is licensed to prospect. When operating vertically or near vertical direction this technology is not used due to its high cost.

The surveys is mainly used in directional-drilling. Directional-drilling forms the main or core part of any survey. Finding and moving towards the target zone of the well will be made easier by this information. Directional-drilling is aided by MWD by the provision of tool face measurements which uses downhole mud motors with bent housing or bent.

Information on the drilling mechanics on the drill bit is also send by the software. Downhole temperature, smoothness of rotation, and operation speed of the rotation are some of the measurements taken. Weight and torque of the bit information aid in operating more efficiently. The driller monitors the tools used from this information to make sure they are working as per the technical specifications. Geologists have a use for this information which is to determine the rock formation of that area.

MWD tools are able to measure the properties of the formation and send the information to drillers when process is ongoing. The measure of the formation properties can be done by the MWD then sent to the drillers while operation is in progress. This information is basically used in geosteering to the targeted zone. The data obtained varies It is from variants such as porosity, acoustic-caliper, density, inclination at the drill bit and resistivity that this information oscillates.

There is also the measurement of natural gamma rays measurements at the well using internal gamma ray sensor installed in MWD tools. The sensors cost a lot, are compact and able to take measurements when drilling unmodified drill collars. Compacts and cheap sensors will do unmodified drill collars during operations. MWD software cuts the various process costs and increases the lifespan of the drill bits.

Mud-pulse telemetry method or electromagnetic telemetry are the two methods used to transmit data from the drill bit. The mud valve downhole gives the information in the mud-pulse method, by creating pressure differences when restricting mud flows. The pulse can either be continuous wave, positive or negative pulse.

MWD software analyzes voltage signals transmitted through electromagnetic telemetry method. These voltage signals are generated as a result of altered voltage differences in the lower and upper parts of the electrical insulator in the drillstring. Wires attached to the wellhead and the rod form the electrodes for information transmission.




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